THE COHEN GROUP
  Environmental Health & Safety Consulting Services

The Cohen Group Newsletter - Volume 8  Issue 3, Article 5.  September, 2006

 Universal Wastes – Overview And Update
Julie V. Wellings, CIH

A "universal waste" is a type of hazardous waste that is generated by a wide variety of people every day. Because universal wastes pose a relatively lower risk to people and the environment than do other hazardous wastes, regulatory requirements pertaining to their disposal are less stringent. However, like any hazardous waste, a universal waste may not be discarded as regular trash, i.e., in a solid waste landfill.  Some examples of universal waste include:

· Common batteries (e.g., AA, AA, C, D and button-type) - contain corrosives and heavy metals
· Electronic devices and cathode ray tubes (e.g., cell phones, computers, televisions) - contain heavy metals
· Mercury-containing devices (e.g., switches, relays, gauges, thermostats, and thermometers
· Mercury-containing light tubes/bulbs (i.e., fluorescent, HID, metal halide, sodium, and neon)
· Non-empty aerosol cans that contain flammable propellants and other hazardous chemicals

Discarded batteries present a potential acute hazard from leaking corrosives. Batteries, electronics and other devices may release heavy metals into the soil and groundwater and mercury vapor into the air. Discarded light tubes and bulbs may release mercury vapor if broken. Aerosol cans present a potential fire hazard from flammable propellants, and may explode if heated. In addition, product ingredients within aerosol cans may be ignitable, corrosive, reactive and/or toxic.

Previously, there were exemptions for homeowners and some small business that allowed regular trash disposal of common batteries, electronic devices, fluorescent light tubes and, for homeowners, mercury thermometers. These exemptions expired in February 2006 and it is now illegal for anyone to dispose of any universal waste in the regular trash. In addition, California regulations require recycling of most universal wastes that contain heavy metals and mercury.

Most cities and counties in California have programs to help homeowners and small businesses properly dispose of hazardous waste. Additional guidance regarding universal waste can be obtained from the California Department of Toxic Substances Control at www.dtsc.ca.gov, including links to local government agencies and commercial collection/recycling facilities.